被动语态是动词的一种形式,它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者,或者是说动作是由主语完成的,要用主动语态;如果主语是动作的承受者,或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的,则用被动语态。
一、被动语态考点聚焦
(一)被动语态的概念:
不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态。强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态(by短语有时可以省略)。
(二)被动语态的构成方式:
be + 过去分词,口语只也有用get / become + 过去分词表示。
(三)被动语态的基本用法:
(1)使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题。
①主动变化被动时双宾语的变化。看下列例句:
My friend gave me an interesting book on my birthday.
An interesting book was given to me(by my friend)on my birthday.
I was given an interesting book (by my friend)on my birthday.
②主动变被动时,宾补成主补(位置不变);(作补语的)不定式前需加to。
The boss made him work all day long.
He was made to work all day long(by the boss)
③短语动词变被动语态时,勿要掉“尾巴”。
The children were taken good care of (by her)。